{"id":743,"date":"2015-07-21T15:33:19","date_gmt":"2015-07-21T15:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/?page_id=743"},"modified":"2017-03-10T19:02:50","modified_gmt":"2017-03-10T19:02:50","slug":"refraction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/techniques\/seismic-ground-geophysics-methods\/refraction","title":{"rendered":"Refraction"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-743\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-743-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-743-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-743-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"texte-home-right article panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-743-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<p>The seismic refraction method\u00a0involves\u00a0measuring the shortest time required for an induced seismic pulse to travel from the source location to a series of receivers. From this travel time data, seismic velocities and layer depths can be calculated.<\/p>\n<h3>Seismic refraction remains the preferred method for accurately mapping the depth to competent bedrock under most conditions.<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Typical applications of seismic refraction include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bedrock profiling and locating of faults and fracture zones;<\/li>\n<li>Calculating the modulus of elasticity of the various layers;<\/li>\n<li>Determining the depth to the water table;<\/li>\n<li>Determining the thickness of overburden layers;<\/li>\n<li>Identifying sub-vertical geological contacts.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4>For more information, please contact our\u00a0<a href=\"mailto:info@geophysicsgpr.com\">Ground Survey Team<\/a>.<\/h4>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-743-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-743-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-743-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-743-1-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-8b5b6f678277-743\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2.png\" width=\"600\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2.png 600w, https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2-300x162.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" title=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction Graph\" alt=\"refraction\" \t\tclass=\"so-widget-image\"\/>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-743-1-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-743-1-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-743-1-1-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-8b5b6f678277-743\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test.jpg\" width=\"540\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test.jpg 540w, https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test-300x162.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" title=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction\" alt=\"refraction\" \t\tclass=\"so-widget-image\"\/>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-743-2\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-743-2-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-743-2-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"3\" ><div class=\"texte-home-right article panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-743-2-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h4>Marine Seismic\u00a0Surveys<\/h4>\n<p>The seismic refraction method extends seamlessly into marine environments and across rapids. \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The <span style=\"color: #808000;\"><a style=\"color: #808000;\" href=\"http:\/\/marine.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/marine-geophysics-techniques\/marine-seismic-techniques\/refraction\">Marine<\/a><\/span> chapter of our website contains more information on seismic surveys for mapping bedrock beneath bodies of water.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The seismic refraction method\u00a0involves\u00a0measuring the shortest time required for an induced seismic pulse to travel from the source location to a series of receivers. From this travel time data, seismic velocities and layer depths can be calculated.Seismic refraction remains the preferred method for accurately mapping the depth to competent bedrock under most conditions.Typical applications of&#8230;  <a href=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/techniques\/seismic-ground-geophysics-methods\/refraction\" class=\"more-link\" title=\"Read Refraction\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1118,"parent":738,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-full-width.php","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-743","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=743"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3036,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/743\/revisions\/3036"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/738"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=743"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}