{"id":742,"date":"2015-07-21T15:33:19","date_gmt":"2015-07-21T15:33:19","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/?page_id=742"},"modified":"2017-02-28T20:42:54","modified_gmt":"2017-02-28T20:42:54","slug":"refraction","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/techniques-de-geophysique-terrestre\/methodes-sismiques-de-geophysique\/refraction","title":{"rendered":"R\u00e9fraction"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"pl-742\"  class=\"panel-layout\" ><div id=\"pg-742-0\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-742-0-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-742-0-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-editor panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"0\" ><div class=\"texte-home-right article panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-742-0-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-editor so-widget-sow-editor-base\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"siteorigin-widget-tinymce textwidget\">\n\t<h2 class=\"h2resize\">Lev\u00e9 de sismique r\u00e9fraction<\/h2>\n<p>Un lev\u00e9 de sismique r\u00e9fraction consiste \u00e0 provoquer une vibration transitoire en surface et \u00e0 enregistrer le passage des ondes sismiques dans le temps, \u00e0 l'aide de capteurs sp\u00e9cifiques. Ces ondes sont r\u00e9fl\u00e9chies ou r\u00e9fract\u00e9es aux changements d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 et\/ou de densit\u00e9 aux fronti\u00e8res des couches g\u00e9ologiques. Le traitement des donn\u00e9es permet de d\u00e9terminer les vitesses de propagation des ondes sismiques \u00e0 travers les diff\u00e9rentes couches de mat\u00e9riaux, ainsi que leur profondeur.<\/p>\n<p>La m\u00e9thode de sismique r\u00e9fraction repose sur la mesure du temps le plus court pour qu'une impulsion sismique induite se d\u00e9place de l'emplacement de sa source vers une s\u00e9rie de r\u00e9cepteurs. \u00c0 partir de ces temps de parcours, les vitesses sismiques et les profondeurs des diverses couches peuvent \u00eatre calcul\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3>La sismique r\u00e9fraction constitue la meilleure m\u00e9thode pour cartographier avec pr\u00e9cision la profondeur du roc dans la plupart des conditions<\/h3>\n<p>La m\u00e9thode de sismique r\u00e9fraction permet d\u2019obtenir un profil du roc enfoui et d\u2019y localiser les zones de faille ou de cisaillement. Ces techniques sont utilis\u00e9es principalement pour :<\/p>\n<p><b>Les applications de la sismique r\u00e9fraction comprennent :<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Le calcul du module d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 des diff\u00e9rentes couches;<\/li>\n<li>La d\u00e9termination de l'\u00e9paisseur des couches de d\u00e9p\u00f4ts meubles;<\/li>\n<li>La d\u00e9termination de la profondeur de la nappe phr\u00e9atique;<\/li>\n<li>L'identification des contacts g\u00e9ologiques subverticaux;<\/li>\n<li>Le profilage du roc et la localisation des failles et des zones de fracturation.<\/li>\n<li>Des lev\u00e9s de sismique r\u00e9fraction peuvent \u00eatre r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur l'eau m\u00eame dans les zones de rapides;<\/li>\n<li>Identifier des contacts g\u00e9ologiques subverticaux.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Si l'information recherch\u00e9e concerne l'int\u00e9rieur du roc, une ou des m\u00e9thodes alternatives envisag\u00e9es seront la sismique r\u00e9flexion, la tomographie sismique ou la sismique r\u00e9sonance.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Pour plus d'information, veuillez contacter notre <a href=\"mailto:daniel.campos@geophysicsgpr.com;jean-luc.arsenault@geophysicsgpr.com;claude.robillard@geophysicsgpr.com;info@geophysicsgpr.com\">\u00c9quipe de Lev\u00e9 Terrestre<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pg-742-1\"  class=\"panel-grid panel-no-style\" ><div id=\"pgc-742-1-0\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-742-1-0-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"1\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-742-1-0-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-8b5b6f678277-742\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2.png\" width=\"600\" height=\"323\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2.png 600w, https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_2-300x162.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" title=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction Graph\" alt=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction Graph\" \t\tclass=\"so-widget-image\"\/>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div id=\"pgc-742-1-1\"  class=\"panel-grid-cell\" ><div id=\"panel-742-1-1-0\" class=\"so-panel widget widget_sow-image panel-first-child panel-last-child\" data-index=\"2\" ><div class=\"panel-widget-style panel-widget-style-for-742-1-1-0\" ><div\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\tclass=\"so-widget-sow-image so-widget-sow-image-default-8b5b6f678277-742\"\n\t\t\t\n\t\t>\n<div class=\"sow-image-container\">\n\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test.jpg\" width=\"540\" height=\"291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test.jpg 540w, https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2015\/07\/Ground_Techniques_Seismic_Refraction_test-300x162.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" title=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction\" alt=\"Ground Techniques Seismic Refraction\" \t\tclass=\"so-widget-image\"\/>\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lev\u00e9 de sismique r\u00e9fractionUn lev\u00e9 de sismique r\u00e9fraction consiste \u00e0 provoquer une vibration transitoire en surface et \u00e0 enregistrer le passage des ondes sismiques dans le temps, \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de capteurs sp\u00e9cifiques. Ces ondes sont r\u00e9fl\u00e9chies ou r\u00e9fract\u00e9es aux changements d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 et\/ou de densit\u00e9 aux fronti\u00e8res des couches g\u00e9ologiques. Le traitement des donn\u00e9es permet de&#8230;  <a href=\"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/techniques-de-geophysique-terrestre\/methodes-sismiques-de-geophysique\/refraction\" class=\"more-link\" title=\"Read R\u00e9fraction\">Read more &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1118,"parent":735,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"page-full-width.php","meta":{"content-type":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-742","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/742","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=742"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/742\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3001,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/742\/revisions\/3001"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/735"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1118"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ground.geophysicsgpr.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=742"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}